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 1. Name three main benefits from immune system functioning.

 2. Name the three special characteristics of the immune system in defending the body and explain the benefits from each characteristic.

 3. Describe the general immune system functions of macrophages and Langerhans cells; types of T-cells; and B-cells

 4. Describe the general features in a primary immune response and secondary immune responses.

 5. Explain the importance of positive feedback in an immune response.

 6. Describe the general average effects of aging on immune system functioning.

 7. Name three main reasons for age-related changes in immune system functioning.

 8. Name four specific factors that cause an age-related decrease in the effectiveness of immune system functioning.

 9. Name four problems resulting from age changes in immune system functioning.

10. Name three ways to minimize consequences from age-related decreases in immune functioning.

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